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 For many thousands of years the Northern Maidu tribe inhabited this region for its high lakes, lush valleys, forested ridges and access to the Feather River. They would often live in the valleys while migrating into the mountains to hung, gather roots and seeds in the warmer months. They were rather an advanced culture long before the first white Europeans came to the region to mine gold. This tribe would often wove baskets which were used to store dried meat, seeds and sometimes grounded up acorn to sustain themselves in the harsh winters. Most of the time the Maidu women would create exquisite beadwork which they often would use to trade with other tribes. While the women wove baskets and made jewelry it was often the male warriors who trekked through this area to hunt for live game even fish. The Maidu remained isolated till they begin to see Europeans in the area mining exposed quartz ledges high up on the slopes of Eureka Peak. Sadly disease spread to the tribe because they were simply not immune to the sicknesses Europeans brought here not to mention that much of the native plant life would be destroyed which was used for medicine and foods. Some violence often ensued as well and this lead to the demise of the Maidu's. When the Maidu's numbers dwindled they were absorbed in to helping out at local ranchers and working in the mines by laborers who came to this mine camp to build new lives for themselves.  Mining began at the Plumas-Eureka Lode in 1851 a short time
after the gold rush in Coloma California occurred. While many claims had been filed
the biggest producer was the Jamison Mine which yielded a record breaking 52lb
gold nugget. The mine and town were both known as Jamison City then about 1.25
miles to the NE was Johnsville which was a much larger boom town nearby often
noted for being Jamison's sister city. While mining did not begin till 1851 in
this area the mining at the Jamison did not transpire till the 1880's believe it
or not later on after the Eureka Tunnel was built and the Mohawk Mill was
processing the ore. The Jamison was sold to the Plumas-Eureka Mine in 1922 and
today three main vertical shafts that ran 265' are now all flooded. The Jamison
City settlement sat at about 4774' in elevation and had two different time
periods it coasted a post office from 1871 to 1877 and from 1880 to 1882. In
1853 Jamison City was merely a tent camp which served 36 miners who joined
together to form what was known as the Eureka Company and eventually other
claims came to be a short time later when it was realized how rich the gold was
in this region. Therefore with that being said Eureka Mills came to be around
the same time and in 1876 a more refined town had been built known as Johnsville nearby. Eventually most of the surface gold deposits had been exhausted so many smaller mining companies closed their doors for good due to the lack of capital. In 1872 a British Mining Company purchased the Plumas-Eureka Mines. Their hope would be to further develop the mines perhaps consolidate them and even enlarge them if that were possible. Therefore, they purchased new up to date mining machinery, enlarged the tunnels, replaced two of the older mills with a new one and at the time were in control of about 65 miles worth of tunnels below Eureka Peak and the Sierra Buttes. Mining daily transpired till about the 1890's and by 1904 this company sold them. Mining actually continued all the way until WWII when the War Production Board Limitation Order passed by the government ended all mining. By that time the Mohawk Mill had processed at least 8 million dollars in gold today it is abandoned, forgotten and haunted the ghosts of its past. The Eureka Mine had yielded 17 million in gold during its productive lifetime with that being said such wealth was very alluring which is why so many settlers swarmed the area.  El Rio
De Las Plumas means "The River Of Feathers" which is how the Plumas County name
came to be. A Captain Luis Arguello named the river as he was impressed by the
many floating feathers on the water. Since Beckwourth Pass was the lowest summit
of the high sierra it became a favorite spot for wagon trains. What this meant
is accessibility as the trek to get to Johnsville or Jamison City was relatively
simpler then other routes so it seemed rather appealing for those who wanted to
start lives up here. Plumas County in my opinion is one of the beautiful regions
of California which boast 100 lakes found in the nearby Lakes Basin all the way
to many small mining towns like Sierra City and Johnsville California. The Plumas Eureka State Park where the
Mohawk Mill is located is a fine example of the regions early mining history and
how gold was processed as it was brought right out of the mine. For many years
William Johns was a manger of the Plumas - Eureka Mine whom the town of Johnsville was named after.  Another fast fact is that
in the 1860's heavy snow around Eureka Peak inspired snowshoe races. The first
race took place in 1861 and was the first ever recorded ski competition to have
transpired in the western hemisphere. Snowshoes or as they called them long
boards were these 12' Norwegian Skis that weighed as much as 20lbs a piece. Many
of the miners would use a large pole used to brake which they carried between
there legs in order to slow down. At times the skiers on straightaways could
reach speeds of 80mph going down Eureka Peak. Skiing was a way for the miners
to keep occupied in the winter months since mining for gold during the winter
months was often on hiatus. According to some of the local historians think that
the first tramways on Eureka Peak for the Plumas-Eureka Mine were some of the
first ski lifts in the world. Skiing has always played a part in the regions
early history and it really has not changed for over 150 years. At one time three stamp mills were in operation near Eureka Peak or as other miners called it back in the day "Gold Mountain". When the Mohawk was built in 1876 it cost at the time 50k to construct. It was a large mill containing 60 ore crushing stamps each one weighing anywhere from 600 to 1000lbs and dropped at about 80 times per minute. Each stamp could crush 2.5 tons of ore which is a small dump truck every 24 hours. Ore was often brought up from shafts higher up on the mountain by means of two gravity powered tramways. The returning ore buckets sometimes carried up miners to the top of the mountain and served as a duel purpose in carrying up skieers to the peak during the winter months. If you take into account that the Mohawk Mill processed about 8 million in gold bullion and the Eureka Tunnel which produced as much as 17 million in bullion it is safe to say the total worth had would be well in access of over 20 to 30 million in profits earned which is why so many miners came here during the gold rush. Which is why its such a relevant area because of its rich history, scenic beauty and the fact that many of the sites have been preserved.  In the
1890's a new mine was opened in the area and the Jamison Company had opened up a
new ten stamp quartz mill in 1896. A year later they added ten more stamps and
when the Plumas Eureka Mine was shut down it was the Jamison Mine that become
the chief producer in the district. Besides the harsh winters the area had been
plagued by a series of fires one of them burned the newest mill down in 1899
and it had to be reconstructed. This mine an d mill were an inactive operation
into part of 1919 thus the production from 1896 to 1919 was a little over two
million in gold. Over the years even after this claim other small scale mining
operations took place but with fires, businesses closing and residents really
led to the areas demise. I mean Johnsville alone had major fires in 1884, 1892,
1902 and 1906. With the lack of businesses it was very slow to rebuilding after
the 1906 fire. In 1943 many of the dump piles and other waste piles of ore were
shipped from Plumas Eureka to a smelter which was really the last significant
mining operation in the area. After WWII the region, mines, mills and remnants
of the camp were all required by the state of California who turned this area
into a state park to help preserve its history. Since then much has changed thanks to the California Parks Department who rebuilt many of the old buildings surrounding the Eureka Mine since 1959. The old miners boarding house was converted into a museum and to be used as park offices. The blacksmith and old assay office were also restored which you will see in our photos. The old Eureka Mill is currently awaiting restoration and some renovations. If you tour you the grounds your going to see quite a few relics of the past while other things are simply hidden up in the Plumas National Forest. This is an area you could explore time and time again because their is just so much to see even if you just want to hike around and enjoy the beautiful views that surround this once booming mining camp. Within the park boundaries is plenty of natural beauty as well such as black bears, weasels, minks, mountain lions, deer, bobcats, foxes, martens and quite a few other species of wildlife. This forested area is surrounded by mountainous meadows and forested glades which are often bombarded with wildflowers of the high sierras in the warmer months. It would appear that nature is finally taking over this once booming gold mining area which is why places like Jamison City have been primarily erased from history with that being said their is still much more awaiting discovery along Jamison Creek which was once part of the areas early gold mining remnants. Today Jamison City, The Mohawk Mill, Eureka Mine and the camp are part of a giant cultural site which dates back to the days when miners came here via wagon in hopes of striking it rich. Copyright By Lord Rick aka AngelOfThyNight PGS Founder Author, Producer, AngelOfThyNight Talk Show Host, Paranormal Investigator, Journalist and Urban Explorer
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