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The Seven Troughs Mining District was built in a canyon along a drive river bed composed of old Seven Troughs, Farrell, Mazuma, Tunnel and Vernon. They considered all the small mining camps all part of this district. Most of what you are seeing throughout these updates is New Seven Troughs or what was called Tunnel. Part of our project in this region will be to visit other nearby sites as well since all of the mining camps shared a common disaster which was the flash flood of 1912.

The town of tunnel began after old Seven Troughs had very deep and prosperous mines. The plan was to tunnel through the mountain to a nearby canyon to intersect with the vein that was being mined in old Seven Troughs. This was not an uncommon practice just as the Sutro mining camp in Dayton connects underground to veins in Virginia City Nevada and the Comstock Lode.

The purpose of the tunnel was to provide drainage for the nearby mines and make it easier to ship the ore to the mills to be processed for its gold. The tunnel camp grew in 1927 in an attempt not just to erect the tunnel but also to build a 100-stamp mill. Both projects were not a success despite the fact that the tunnel went for two miles underground the mining stopped in 1950.

Do not get me wrong however Seven Troughs produced over 2 million dollars in gold between 1907 and 1921. When the Seven Troughs mine was in full production the town was formed. It had electrical power, water system and even its own school. It also had a 50-ton mill which was in operation till about 1918. The nearby Mazuma the largest mining camp in the district had hotels, fire department, banks, stage coach service, ten stamp mill and even saloons. Over 300 people would call this mining district their home which included not just miners but also women and children.

The first discovery of gold made in this canyon occurred in 1905 the boom however did not occur till 1907 when assays marked the ore at $100,000 per ton. Most of the miners that came on in were from Tonapah and Goldfield. Despite the seclusion freight wagons could import and export supplies in the nearby town of Lovelock via railroad. In 1911 the Kindergarten Mill was built which was a 50 ton cyanide processing plant built at the east end of town. Seven Troughs was growing rapidly it even had a post office and some stores as more people came to the camp in hopes of striking it rich. The problem however was that in 1918 the ore began to be depleted thus slowly these camps would go bust.

The other issue was that the camps were built in a canyon prone to flash flooding. On July 18th of 1912 during the afternoon a severe thunderstorm hit the area. It would only take a matter of hours as the sun had fallen for a 20' wall of water rushing down the canyon destroying old Seven Troughs and Mazuma. That night five children and seven adults would die. In Mazuma another adult died in the tragedy trying to save her postal receipts. It was so terrible of a disaster that when the bank was hit the safe ended up being carried further down the canyon. The homes and buildings were it with huge boulders, debris from the mills such as cyanide pools and anything else that was carried in this wall of water.

When old Seven Troughs was decimated the mining continued by the camp was moved to Tunnel this includes some of the buildings that were relocated from Vernon. Today not much remains but the old Jail in Vernon which was blown up by a group of kids. So I did not visit Vernon as there is not much to see. I would in this project like to visit Old Seven Troughs at least what is left of it so we can add it into this project.

Today what is left of Tunnel is a few miner cabins, mill ruins and a massive five-stamp ore crusher. The stamps are big pistons that hammer the ore into smaller pieces to be processed. The big pulley on the side turned a shaft with cams on it which would engage the pawls on the shafts which contained the stamps. The cam would lift the stamp then released it as it kept turning so that it would come down crushing the ore. The stamp machine you see in Tunnel is a relic it can be seen from afar. Such machines like these later were no longer needed in mining as they jammed frequently however they were very common in mining towns.

Just outside of New Seven Troughs and Tunnel is a cemetery. We actually did some restoration work at the cemetery because it really ties into the tragedy that took place here. It is not hard to tell apart the adults and the children. As a matter in fact some of the towns residents who died from drowning or debris are buried here. There is a very sad feeling when entering the cemetery knowing that some of the people perished from a horrific tragedy caused by mother nature. Which also gives us a reason to not only explore the area but to also seek out its ghost. Below is a news article which contains a little more history in relation to the Seven Troughs area as well as the tragedy that took place.

By: http://www.newsreview.com/reno/ghost-story/content?oid=6686128

Hangin’ Trough

This cycle of rise and fall, hyper-accelerated extraction and abandonment brings us to the closely related boom towns of Seven Troughs, Tunnel and Mazuma. They huddle around the mountains near Lovelock. From Reno, this means driving east on I-80 well past Fernley and into the lush green farmland near Lovelock. From there, travelers need to head off into the barren hill country on NV State Route 399. Finally, Seven Troughs Road, a dirt thoroughfare, shoots off into the foothills and mining camps. Don’t worry about the road if you don’t have a four-wheel drive or a truck. My friend and I made it with no trouble in a hippied-out Kia.

Seven Troughs Road runs through a desiccated valley of stunted sagebrush and bristling grasses. Red stones and white, powdery silt line the road and provide perches for fence lizards, skinks and bees. Hawks circle above, and ravens cry in the distance. The nude geology shows best in the mountains, where the cut lines of ancient Lake Lahontan’s shore still show against the basalt cliffs. It boggles the mind to consider how 19th century man, with his mule trains and steam engines, ever sustained himself in a landscape so barren.

The twin towns of Seven Troughs and Mazuma came first, in 1907. Mazuma, which is almost completely gone, sat at the mouth of an extensive canyon system, in the middle of a dry river bed. Supposedly a few foundations and mine pilings remain, but we were unable to find them. Seven Troughs clings to the side of a mountain a few miles up that same canyon system. A series of brick and concrete foundations dig deep into the far side of the canyon. Mine shafts and tailing piles dot the hills.

July 18, 1912, in the afternoon, black thunderclouds began dropping rain over Mazuma and Seven Troughs. Sometime later that night, a two-story wall of water rushed down the canyon and destroyed Seven Troughs, killing five children and seven adults. Further down the mountain, the postmistress of Mazuma decided to save her postal receipts and perished as well. Looking at the ruins now, it’s easy to imagine huge rock crushing machines and cyanide pools shaking against those foundations, breaking loose and spilling down the canyon. All that remained of Mazuma lies scattered across the desert floor, but Seven Troughs continued on until 1918 when the gold finally ran dry.

Above the Seven Troughs Ruins is an incredibly steep mine. The tower that served it, raising and lowering men and materials into the depths, has recently collapsed, but the shaft itself remains. A visitor can throw rocks into the mouth and listen in vain for the bottom. However many hundreds of feet it goes down, it’s far enough to muffle the sound. The canyon itself serves as home to at least two families of pronghorn antelope and a herd of wild asses.

Tunnel Of Love

Newest of the Seven Troughs area ghost towns, Tunnel, or New Seven Troughs, is also closest to the main roads. This well-preserved little company town began operations in 1927. Miners originally conceived of Tunnel as a base of operations where they could better control the water in the older mine shafts. Further, the town was to serve as the entrance for a tunnel that would go all the way through the mountain and meet up with older shafts the next canyon over. It never did, and they gave up after a few years.

However, the mining part of the operation lasted until 1950 and the remnants of depression era and wartime America are manifest throughout the area. The rusting and dismembered body work from 1920s pickup trucks lie next to disused telegraph wires, ancient hydraulic connectors poke out from beneath enormous, wooden silos. We even found a stash of polyester disco wear and a single pair of patent leather shoes inside a crumbling wooden shack.

A large brick building dominates the lower town, towering over a few small shacks, what appears to have been a relatively nice wooden house and another building that was probably a workshop. Was the brick building an office? The many windows in the first room seem to suggest so. Was it a storehouse? The far side once had a large loading door and the rigging from a loft still hangs from the ceiling. Was it a dock for lowering gold nuggets into waiting trucks? It seems likely the central room did just that—you can even see where something big and stout, a safe maybe, once bolted to the brick walls.

Further up the hill, visitors can see the ruined remains of an enormous, 30-foot-tall stamper. Built by the Joshua Hendy Machine works some time between 1874 and 1904, the giant machine features four enormous steel rods that extend up almost 20 feet with crushing hammers on the lower ends. A huge camshaft, about 15 feet up, remains to this day. Visitors can easily imagine each rod, at least several hundred pounds, smashing against the cam and rising up, falling off the lobe and crashing down on the rocks below—taking small boulders and reducing them to the size of grapefruits.

Joshua Hendy’s great stamper used to sit inside what was presumably an industrial building. At the far end of the massive foundations sits mounting for what we imagined could be another stamper, perhaps a finer, more sophisticated machine for breaking small stones into dust. Beyond that we found concrete mounts for a raised machine or pool. Considering gold miners used to leach their treasure from the stones with great quantities of mercury, it’s not unreasonable to assume a mercury evaporator once stood here. Farther down still, concrete settling canals stand proud of the eroding earth, long since dormant.

Paul Dircksen of Timberline Resources, the mining company that owns the property where these sites were found, says that though they have no problem with people visiting these locations, “The area is … privately held and none of the artifacts should be damaged, destroyed or hauled off.” Tunnel—or any of these ghost towns—offers great opportunities to play amateur archeologist. Go forth and imagine how those early Nevadans lived.

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